500 Idioms and Their Meanings (PDF)

Have you ever heard someone say, “It’s raining cats and dogs,” and looked outside expecting animals to fall from the sky? Well… welcome to the colorful world of idioms.

Idioms make English lively, expressive, and sometimes confusing. If you truly want to sound natural, you need to understand 500 idioms and their meanings—not just memorize them, but know how to use them correctly.

In this complete guide, you’ll learn:

  • What idioms and phrases really are
  • Why idioms matter in daily communication
  • A structured list of 500 idioms and their meanings
  • Practice exercises
  • A downloadable PDF version

So grab a cup of coffee. Let’s make English more fun.

What Are Idioms and Phrases?

Before diving into the full list of 500 idioms and their meanings, let’s clear something up.

What exactly is an idiom?

And how is it different from a phrase?

Good questions.

What Is an Idiom?

An idiom is a group of words that has a meaning different from its literal meaning.

In simple terms, you can’t guess the meaning just by looking at the words.

For example:

Idiom Literal Meaning Actual Meaning
Break the ice Break frozen water Start a conversation
Hit the books Strike books Study seriously
Under the weather Beneath the climate Feeling sick
Spill the beans Drop beans Reveal a secret
Piece of cake Slice of dessert Very easy

See the pattern?

Idioms are non-literal. That’s what makes them powerful and tricky.

They’re also called idiomatic expressions because their meaning depends on cultural usage.

What Is a Phrase?

A phrase is simply a group of words that work together but do not form a complete sentence.

Not all phrases are idioms.

For example:

  • In the morning
  • Very quickly
  • On the table

These are phrases. But they are literal.

Now look at the difference:

Feature Idiom Phrase
Literal meaning No Yes
Cultural meaning Yes Not necessarily
Example Kick the bucket In the room

“Kick the bucket” does not mean kicking anything. It means “to die.”

That’s an idiom.

Idiom vs Idiomatic Expression

Well, here’s the thing.

Many learners ask if there’s a difference between an idiom and an idiomatic expression.

In most cases, they mean the same thing.

However:

  • Idiom = fixed expression with non-literal meaning
  • Idiomatic expression = broader term that includes idioms and natural language patterns

So when you study idioms with meanings, you are learning how native speakers naturally communicate.

And that’s the real goal.

Importance of Idioms in Communication

You might wonder.

Do I really need to learn 500 idioms?

Short answer?

Yes—if you want to sound natural.

Here’s why.

Why Native Speakers Use Idioms So Often

Idioms make a speech:

  • More expressive
  • More emotional
  • More memorable
  • More culturally rich

Imagine saying:

“I am very nervous.”

Now compare it to:

“I have butterflies in my stomach.”

Which one sounds more natural?

Exactly.

Idioms bring language to life.

How Idioms Improve Fluency

When you use idioms correctly, you:

  • Sound confident
  • Speak more naturally
  • Understand movies and books better
  • Improve writing quality

Let’s compare:

Without Idioms With Idioms
I was very angry I blew my top
It was easy It was a piece of cake
He is very rich He is loaded

See the difference?

That’s why mastering 500 idioms and their meanings can seriously upgrade your English skills.

500 Idioms and Their Meanings

500 Idioms and Their Meanings

500 Idioms and Their Meanings List

Now we begin the heart of this guide—the actual collection of 500 idioms and their meanings.

To keep things simple and readable, I’ve organized them into groups. Let’s start with the first 100 common idioms used in daily conversation.

Common Idioms

No Idiom Meaning
1 A blessing in disguise Something good that seemed bad at first
2 A dime a dozen Very common
3 Beat around the bush Avoid the main topic
4 Better late than never It is better to arrive late than not at all
5 Bite the bullet Face a difficult situation bravely
6 Break the ice Start a conversation
7 Burn the midnight oil Work late into the night
8 Call it a day Stop working
9 Cut corners Do something cheaply or poorly
10 Easy does it Slow down
11 Get out of hand Become uncontrollable
12 Get your act together Behave properly
13 Give someone the cold shoulder Ignore someone
14 Go the extra mile Do more than required
15 Hit the nail on the head Be exactly right
16 In hot water In trouble
17 It takes two to tango Both people are responsible
18 Jump on the bandwagon Follow a trend
19 Keep an eye on Watch carefully
20 Kill two birds with one stone Achieve two goals at once
21 Let the cat out of the bag Reveal a secret
22 To make a long story short Summarize briefly
23 Miss the boat Miss an opportunity
24 No pain, no gain Success requires effort
25 Once in a blue moon Very rarely
26 On cloud nine Very happy
27 Pull someone’s leg Joke with someone
28 Put all your eggs in one basket Risk everything on one plan
29 Rain on someone’s parade Spoil someone’s plans
30 Read between the lines Understand hidden meaning
31 See eye to eye Agree completely
32 Sit on the fence Avoid choosing sides
33 Spill the beans Reveal a secret
34 Take it with a grain of salt Don’t believe fully
35 The ball is in your court It is your decision
36 The best of both worlds Enjoy two advantages
37 The last straw Final problem
38 Through thick and thin In good and bad times
39 Time flies Time passes quickly
40 Under the weather Feeling sick
41 Up in the air Not decided
42 Wrap your head around Understand something complex
43 You can say that again Strong agreement
44 Your guess is as good as mine I don’t know
45 A tough nut to crack Difficult problem
46 Back to square one Start again
47 Barking up the wrong tree Wrong assumption
48 Blow off steam Release stress
49 Break a leg Good luck
50 Burn bridges Destroy relationships

Daily Conversation Idioms

No Idiom Meaning
51 Cry over spilled milk Worry about past mistakes
52 Down-to-earth Practical and realistic
53 Draw the line Set a limit
54 Feel under the weather Feel sick
55 Fish out of water Feel uncomfortable
56 Get cold feet Become nervous
57 Get the hang of it Learn how to do something
58 Give it a shot Try
59 Go broke Lose all money
60 Go with the flow Adapt easily
61 Hang in there Stay strong
62 Hit the sack Go to sleep
63 In the same boat In the same situation
64 Keep your chin up Stay positive
65 Leave no stone unturned Try everything
66 Make ends meet Manage finances
67 No strings attached No conditions
68 On the same page Agree
69 Out of the blue Suddenly
70 Over the moon Extremely happy
71 Play it by ear Decide later
72 Put your foot down Insist firmly
73 See the light Understand
74 Speak of the devil The person appears when mentioned
75 Take a rain check Postpone
76 The whole nine yards Everything
77 Throw in the towel Give up
78 Under your nose Clearly visible
79 Walk on eggshells Be very careful
80 Watch your back Be careful
81 A piece of cake Very easy
82 At the drop of a hat Immediately
83 Back to the drawing board Start over
84 Bite off more than you can chew Take too much responsibility
85 By the skin of your teeth Barely succeed
86 Cut to the chase Get to the point
87 Face the music Accept consequences
88 Get over it Move on
89 Go the distance Complete something fully
90 In a nutshell Briefly
91 Keep your cool Stay calm
92 Let sleeping dogs lie Avoid old conflicts
93 Make waves Cause trouble
94 On thin ice In a risky situation
95 Out of hand Out of control
96 Put two and two together Understand logically
97 Rock the boat Disturb stability
98 Take the plunge Take a big risk
99 Throw caution to the wind Act recklessly
100 Up to you Your choice

Workplace and Success Idioms

No Idiom Meaning
101 Ahead of the curve More advanced than others
102 Back to the grind Return to work
103 Ballpark figure Rough estimate
104 Bite the hand that feeds you Harm someone who helps you
105 Call the shots Be in control
106 Climb the ladder Get promoted
107 Cut above the rest Better than others
108 Down to business Get serious
109 Drop the ball Make a mistake
110 Elephant in the room Obvious problem ignored
111 Get the ball rolling Start something
112 Go the extra mile Do more than required
113 In the long run Over time
114 Jump the gun Act too soon
115 Keep your eye on the prize Stay focused
116 Learn the ropes Understand how something works
117 Level playing field Fair situation
118 On the right track Doing well
119 Pull your weight Do your share
120 Raise the bar Increase standards
121 Red tape Too many rules
122 Run the show Be in charge
123 Seal the deal Finalize agreement
124 See the bigger picture Understand overall situation
125 Set the record straight Correct misinformation
126 Shoot for the stars Aim high
127 Step up your game Improve performance
128 Take the lead Be first
129 Think outside the box Be creative
130 Touch base Make contact
131 Up to speed Fully informed
132 Win win situation Benefit for all
133 Work your way up Progress gradually
134 Zero in on Focus closely
135 Break even No profit no loss
136 Burn out Become exhausted
137 Cash cow Profitable product
138 Corner the market Control supply
139 Cut throat Extremely competitive
140 Dead end job No future growth
141 Full steam ahead Move forward quickly
142 Get down to brass tacks Focus on essentials
143 In the driver’s seat In control
144 Keep your head above water Survive financially
145 Learn by heart Memorize
146 Make a name for yourself Become famous
147 On the same wavelength Think similarly
148 Put in the effort Try hard
149 Raise eyebrows Cause surprise
150 Sink or swim Succeed or fail

Emotional and Descriptive Idioms

Now let’s explore idioms related to feelings and personality. These idiomatic expressions make your English more vivid.

No Idiom Meaning
151 All ears Listening carefully
152 At your wit’s end Very frustrated
153 Big headed Arrogant
154 Blow your mind Shock greatly
155 Butterflies in your stomach Nervous feeling
156 Cold hearted Unkind
157 Down in the dumps Sad
158 Fed up Tired or annoyed
159 Green with envy Very jealous
160 Heart of gold Very kind
161 Hot headed Quick to anger
162 In high spirits Happy
163 Jump for joy Very excited
164 Keep a straight face Not laugh
165 Lose your temper Get angry
166 On edge Nervous
167 Over the edge Mentally unstable
168 Scared stiff Very afraid
169 See red Become angry
170 Soft hearted Kind and gentle
171 Thick skinned Not easily offended
172 Thin skinned Easily offended
173 Walking on air Extremely happy
174 Weak at the knees Nervous or excited
175 With a heavy heart Sadly
176 A ray of sunshine Cheerful person
177 Bite your tongue Avoid saying something
178 Break someone’s heart Cause sadness
179 Cry your eyes out Cry a lot
180 Feel blue Feel sad
181 Get a grip Calm down
182 Hard to swallow Difficult to accept
183 In seventh heaven Extremely happy
184 Keep your fingers crossed Hope for luck
185 Make someone’s day Make someone happy
186 Not in the mood Unwilling
187 On cloud nine Extremely happy
188 Pull yourself together Calm down
189 Rub salt in the wound Make pain worse
190 Shed light on Clarify
191 Take to heart Be deeply affected
192 The calm before the storm Quiet before trouble
193 Tongue tied Unable to speak
194 Wear your heart on your sleeve Show emotions openly
195 All worked up Very upset
196 Blow off steam Release anger
197 Cry wolf Give false alarm
198 Get under someone’s skin Annoy someone
199 Go to pieces Lose emotional control
200 Have mixed feelings Feel uncertain

Advanced common idioms

Advanced Common Idioms

No Idiom Meaning
201 A double edged sword Has both good and bad effects
202 A far cry from Very different from
203 A leopard can’t change its spots People cannot change their nature
204 A storm in a teacup Small problem exaggerated
205 Add fuel to the fire Make situation worse
206 Against the clock In a hurry
207 All in the same boat In the same situation
208 An arm and a leg Very expensive
209 Apple of my eye Someone very precious
210 As cool as a cucumber Very calm
211 At the eleventh hour Last minute
212 Back against the wall No escape
213 Bark is worse than bite Not as bad as seems
214 Bend over backwards Try very hard
215 Between a rock and a hard place Difficult choice
216 Burn the candle at both ends Overwork yourself
217 By leaps and bounds Rapidly
218 Cry over spilled milk Regret past events
219 Cut and dried Already decided
220 Devil’s advocate Argue opposite side
221 Every cloud has a silver lining Something good in bad
222 Face value Accept as true
223 Get out of hand Lose control
224 Go against the grain Act differently
225 Hit rock bottom Reach lowest point
226 In deep water In serious trouble
227 In the blink of an eye Very quickly
228 It’s not rocket science Not difficult
229 Jump the ship Leave suddenly
230 Keep something at bay Prevent danger
231 Leave someone high and dry Abandon someone
232 Make a mountain out of a molehill Exaggerate
233 No love lost Mutual dislike
234 Off the record Not official
235 On the fence Undecided
236 Out of the frying pan into the fire Worse situation
237 Pull the plug Stop something
238 Put your money where your mouth is Act on words
239 Rain cats and dogs Heavy rain
240 Run out of steam Lose energy
241 Saved by the bell Saved at last moment
242 Sit tight Wait patiently
243 The tip of the iceberg Small visible part
244 Throw in the towel Give up
245 Turn a blind eye Ignore intentionally
246 Under your belt Achieved
247 Up in arms Angry
248 Weather the storm Survive difficulty
249 When pigs fly Impossible
250 You scratch my back I’ll scratch yours Mutual help

Cultural and Expressive Idioms

These idioms add color to storytelling and conversation.

No Idiom Meaning
251 A chip on your shoulder Holding a grudge
252 A penny for your thoughts What are you thinking
253 Actions speak louder than words Behavior matters more
254 Bark up the wrong tree Wrong assumption
255 Bite the dust Fail
256 Break the bank Spend too much
257 Burning question Important issue
258 Call it quits Stop doing something
259 Clear the air Remove tension
260 Cut to the chase Get to point
261 Don’t count your chickens Don’t assume success
262 Drive someone crazy Annoy badly
263 Eye opener Surprising fact
264 Face the facts Accept truth
265 Fall through the cracks Be forgotten
266 Get a taste of your own medicine Receive same treatment
267 Give someone a hand Help
268 Go cold turkey Stop suddenly
269 Hang by a thread Almost fail
270 Hit the jackpot Big success
271 In cold blood Without emotion
272 In the spotlight Getting attention
273 Keep someone posted Inform regularly
274 Leave no stone unturned Try everything
275 Make up your mind Decide
276 Not my cup of tea Not my preference
277 On the ball Alert
278 Out of the woods Safe from trouble
279 Play with fire Take risk
280 Put your foot in your mouth Say wrong thing
281 Quick on the draw Respond fast
282 Read the room Understand mood
283 Rock bottom Lowest level
284 See the writing on the wall Predict failure
285 Take the heat Accept blame
286 The bigger picture Overall view
287 Think on your feet Think quickly
288 Throw someone under the bus Betray
289 Time is money Time is valuable
290 Turn the tables Reverse situation
291 Up the ante Increase stakes
292 Walk the talk Act on promises
293 Water under the bridge Past issue
294 Wear many hats Have many roles
295 You can’t judge a book by its cover Appearances mislead
296 Zero tolerance No acceptance
297 Add insult to injury Make worse
298 At a crossroads Facing decision
299 Behind closed doors In private
300 Blow your own trumpet Brag

Rare and Advanced Idioms

Now we’re entering less common but powerful idioms. These enrich academic and literary English.

No Idiom Meaning
301 A feather in your cap Achievement
302 A wild goose chase Futile search
303 Above board Honest
304 Achilles heel Weakness
305 Across the board Affecting everyone
306 All bark and no bite All talk
307 At sixes and sevens Confused
308 Back to the wall Under pressure
309 Beat a dead horse Waste effort
310 Blow hot and cold Change attitude
311 Break new ground Innovate
312 Bring home the bacon Earn money
313 Burn your bridges Destroy future options
314 By and large Generally
315 Caught red handed Caught in act
316 Come rain or shine No matter what
317 Cross that bridge when you come to it Deal later
318 Dead as a doornail Completely dead
319 Don’t put all eggs in one basket Avoid risk
320 Draw a blank Forget
321 Every dog has its day Everyone gets chance
322 Fair and square Honest and direct
323 Feather your own nest Benefit yourself
324 From scratch From beginning
325 Get wind of Hear rumor
326 Give the benefit of the doubt Trust without proof
327 Go down in flames Fail badly
328 In black and white Written clearly
329 In hot pursuit Following closely
330 Keep at bay Prevent
331 Let bygones be bygones Forgive
332 Make a beeline for Go directly
333 Nip it in the bud Stop early
334 On cloud seven Very happy
335 Out of left field Unexpected
336 Play second fiddle Be less important
337 Put on airs Pretend superiority
338 Raise the roof Make noise
339 See eye to eye Agree
340 Set in stone Fixed
341 Take with a pinch of salt Doubt
342 The ball is rolling Process started
343 The jury is out Decision not made
344 Throw down the gauntlet Issue challenge
345 Tighten your belt Spend less
346 Turn over a new leaf Change behavior
347 Under the table Secretly
348 Walk the extra mile Do more
349 With flying colors Successfully
350 Your days are numbered End is near

Advanced Idioms

No Idiom Meaning
351 A cut above Superior
352 A hard nut to crack Difficult person
353 All in a day’s work Normal routine
354 At loggerheads In strong disagreement
355 Backseat driver Unwanted adviser
356 Beat around the bush Avoid main topic
357 Between the lines Hidden meaning
358 Blow the whistle Expose wrongdoing
359 Burn your fingers Suffer consequences
360 By word of mouth Spoken communication
361 Change of heart New decision
362 Close shave Narrow escape
363 Cry foul Complain unfairness
364 Dig your heels in Refuse to change
365 Down and out Poor and hopeless
366 Draw the line Set limit
367 Face the music Accept blame
368 Fall on deaf ears Be ignored
369 Fight tooth and nail Fight strongly
370 Get cold feet Become nervous
371 Give the cold shoulder Ignore
372 Go down the drain Be wasted
373 Hit below the belt Act unfairly
374 In the dark Uninformed
375 In the red In debt
376 Keep your nose clean Stay out of trouble
377 Leave it at that Stop discussion
378 Make a splash Attract attention
379 On edge Nervous
380 Out of touch Not informed
381 Play your cards right Act wisely
382 Pull strings Use influence
383 Put your heart into Do passionately
384 Ride out the storm Survive trouble
385 Rub shoulders with Socialize with
386 See which way the wind blows Observe trend
387 Sit on your hands Do nothing
388 Stand your ground Defend position
389 Take a back seat Be less involved
390 The penny dropped Finally understood
391 Throw in your lot with Join
392 Under fire Criticized
393 Walk on air Very happy
394 Wet behind the ears Inexperienced
395 With open arms Warmly welcome
396 A bright spark Intelligent person
397 Back to basics Return to fundamentals
398 Come full circle Return to beginning
399 Cut loose Act freely
400 Down to the wire Until last moment

More Advanced Idioms

No Idiom Meaning
401 A fish out of water Uncomfortable
402 A sight for sore eyes Pleasant to see
403 All systems go Ready to start
404 At face value Accept without doubt
405 Back on your feet Recovered
406 Bite your lip Stay silent
407 Break even No loss
408 Burn rubber Drive fast
409 Call someone out Confront publicly
410 Clear the decks Prepare for action
411 Cut to the bone Reduce severely
412 Drive home Emphasize
413 Every now and then Occasionally
414 Face the facts Accept reality
415 Fall flat Fail
416 Get a move on Hurry
417 Get out of dodge Leave quickly
418 Give it your best shot Try hard
419 Go off track Lose focus
420 Hold your horses Wait
421 In a pickle In trouble
422 In your shoes In your situation
423 Keep your word Keep promise
424 Knock it off Stop it
425 Leave well enough alone Avoid change
426 Make ends meet Manage money
427 No sweat Easy
428 Off the hook Free from blame
429 On the house Free of charge
430 Out of line Improper
431 Pull the rug out Remove support
432 Put up with Tolerate
433 Read the fine print Check details
434 Ring a bell Sound familiar
435 Run out of time Time finished
436 Saved your skin Escaped trouble
437 Shoot the breeze Casual talk
438 Sink your teeth into Focus deeply
439 Smooth sailing No problems
440 Speak your mind Say opinion
441 Take it easy Relax
442 The ballpark Approximate area
443 Think twice Reconsider
444 Throw your weight around Use power unfairly
445 Tie the knot Get married
446 Turn the page Move on
447 Under your skin Annoy
448 Up for grabs Available
449 Wear out Exhaust
450 Work against the clock Rush
451 A long shot Unlikely
452 At your fingertips Easily available
453 Back to square one Start again
454 Barking mad Crazy
455 Blow things out of proportion Exaggerate
456 Break the mold Be different
457 Catch someone’s eye Attract attention
458 Cost an arm and a leg Very expensive
459 Cut corners Do poorly
460 Down in flames Fail badly
461 Get a second wind Regain energy
462 Give someone the benefit of the doubt Trust
463 Go for broke Risk everything
464 Hit the books Study
465 In a nutshell Briefly
466 Keep your fingers crossed Hope
467 Let off steam Release stress
468 Make a long story short Summarize
469 Not playing with a full deck Not smart
470 On the bright side Positive aspect
471 Out of pocket Pay yourself
472 Play hardball Be aggressive
473 Put your foot down Be firm
474 Rock the cradle Control secretly
475 See the light of day Be published
476 Take the plunge Take risk
477 The bottom line Final result
478 Throw your hat in the ring Compete
479 Up in smoke Destroyed
480 Walk the plank Be punished
481 A close call Narrow escape
482 Back to the salt mines Return to work
483 Burn the bridges Destroy relationships
484 Come to grips with Accept
485 Cut the mustard Meet expectations
486 Down to earth Practical
487 Get something off your chest Confess
488 Go out on a limb Take risk
489 Hit the roof Become angry
490 In the same breath At the same time
491 Keep your shirt on Stay calm
492 Leave no trace Remove evidence
493 Make a scene Cause drama
494 On the dot Exactly on time
495 Out of sight Excellent
496 Put a lid on Control
497 Run in the family Hereditary
498 Speak volumes Show clearly
499 Take a stand Defend position
500 The icing on the cake Extra benefit

FAQs About 500 Idioms and Their Meanings

What are the most famous idioms?

Some of the most famous idioms include break the ice piece of cake once in a blue moon and spill the beans.

What is the hardest idiom in the world?

Idioms like kick the bucket or let the cat out of the bag can confuse learners because their literal meaning is completely different.

What is very rare in idioms?

Rare idioms are often culture specific or outdated. For example by hook or by crook is less common today.

What is the role of idioms in communication?

Idioms make speech expressive natural and emotionally rich. They help speakers connect culturally and socially.

Conclusion

Well here we are.

You’ve explored 500 idioms and their meanings in one complete guide.

That’s not just vocabulary. That’s fluency.

If you practice these idioms regularly your English will sound more natural more confident and more expressive.

Now it’s your turn.

Try using five idioms in conversation today.

And don’t forget to download the 500 idioms and their meanings PDF for easy revision and classroom use.

Happy learning.

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